Texas history

Brief Texas History Abridged

We explain in detail the history of Texas summarized, briefly.

Early Texas

The Spanish mapped the Texas coast in 1519. However, although they claimed the area, the Spanish left Texas largely untouched until the 18th century. The Spanish began building missions in Texas. One of them was Mission San Antonio de Valero, founded in 1718.

However, in 1810 the Mexicans rebelled against Spain. They gained their freedom in 1821 and Texas became part of Mexico. The following year, 1822, saw the first significant numbers of American settlers arrive in Texas. They were led by a man named Stephen F. Austin. More settlers followed.

However, in a new Mexican constitution in 1824, Texas was combined with Coahuila to form the province of Coahuila y Texas. However, most of the newcomers called themselves ‘Texans’ and not Mexicans, and in 1830 the Mexicans forbade more American citizens from coming to Texas for fear of losing control of the region and encouraged more Mexicans to settle. over there.

The Mexicans also increased the number of soldiers in Texas to maintain control. They also prohibited slavery. Both measures alienated Texans.

In 1832 and 1833, Texans held two conventions. They demanded certain changes, including Texas becoming a separate province of Mexico. In 1833 Stephen Austin went to Mexico City to present the demands to President Santa Anna. However, Austin was arrested and detained. He was released from prison and introduced a more centralized form of government.

Discontent in Texas finally erupted into a rebellion in 1835. The Mexicans tried to retrieve a cannon that had been given to them to defend against Native Americans. The Texians refused to let the Mexicans take him away. Then, on October 2, 1835, the Texians won the Battle of Gonzales against the Mexicans.

The Texians attacked and the Mexicans withdrew to San Antonio. The Texians chased after them. On December 11, 1835, the Texians captured San Antonio. On March 2, 1836 they declared their independence. On March 6, 1836, a Mexican army captured the Alamo and killed the defenders.

However, on April 21, 1836, the Texians defeated the Mexicans at the Battle of San Jacinto. After the battle, the Texians captured Santa Anna, the Mexican president, and forced him to sign a treaty to make Texas independent.

Sam Houston was elected president of Texas in 1836. (The city of Houston, Texas was named in his honor.) In 1839 Austin became the capital of Texas. Finally, on December 29, 1845, Texas became part of the United States.

Modern Texas

Beginning in the mid-19th century, the population of Texas skyrocketed. In 1860 the population had increased to 604,000 inhabitants. However, in 1861 came the civil war.

In 1861 Texas ceded from the Union and joined the Confederacy. The war ended in 1865. A Union army entered Galveston on June 19, 1865. On the same day General Gordon Granger announced that all slaves in Texas were free.

In the late 19th century, cotton farming and ranching in Texas boomed. Then, in 1894, oil was discovered in Corsicana. In 1901 oil was found at Spindletop. Afterward, the oil industry in Texas boomed.

The East Texas Oil Field was discovered in 1930. Meanwhile, by 1900 the population of Texas had grown to more than 3 million. By 1950 it had exceeded 7.7 million and was still growing rapidly.

The city of Dallas, Texas was founded in the 1840s. In 1856 it was granted the city charter. At first Dallas was a small settlement. However, at the end of the 19th century it multiplied.

However, on September 8, 1900, a hurricane hit Galveston, Texas. The city was devastated and between 6,000 and 8,000 people lost their lives.

However, Texas, like the rest of the world, suffered during the depression of the 1930s. Texas farmers were the hardest hit. However, with the advent of World War II, Texas grew again. It continued to be prosperous throughout the 1950s and 1960s. However, on November 22, 1963, President John F. Kennedy was assassinated in Dallas, Texas.

Then, in 1973, OPEC, the organization of oil exporting countries, imposed an embargo. It meant that the oil industry in Texas was booming. However, in the 1980s the price of oil fell, hitting Texas hard. However, in the 1990s the industry in Texas diversified. In 2017 the population of Texas was 28 million.

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